![]() 180° longitude is known as the International Date To 180° both westward and eastward as shown in theĭiagram. Values of longitude increase from 0° at the Prime Meridian Ultimately, the nations of the world held a conference in 1884 and agreed to accept the widely-used English reference, centered on the Greenwich Observatory in Greenwich, England, as the international Prime Meridian. Over the centuries, dozens of 0° reference meridians were used by various nations, but as global connections in trade, surveying, navigation, and timing grew, trying to coordinate all of the different systems became unmanageable. Unlike latitude, which has a natural origin parallel of 0° at the Equator, longitude has no natural reference meridian. They are defined by the angle from the Earth's spin axis to a point east or west of the Prime Meridian at 0° longitude as shown below. To latitude lines and form half-circle arcs between the North and South Poles. ![]() Longitude lines (also called meridians) run perpendicular ToC MAPS Geography Size Latitude Longitude Time Maps New Tools ![]()
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